A Personal Identification Number (PIN) is classified as which type of authentication factor?

A Personal Identification Number (PIN) is classified as "something you know" because it relies on the memorization of a secret numerical code that only the authorized user should know. This type of authentication factor is a form of knowledge-based authentication, where the user must recall specific information to access a system or service. Unlike biometric factors, which involve physical attributes, or possession factors that require a tangible item (like a smart card or mobile device), a PIN is strictly tied to the user's knowledge, making it an essential part of securing access to accounts and systems.

Understanding different authentication factors is crucial in cybersecurity, as it helps to assess and implement stronger security measures that protect sensitive information against unauthorized access.