What improves data integrity in a database compared to a flat file?

The choice indicating that databases can enforce data types for columns is correct because this feature is fundamental to maintaining data integrity. In a database, each column is defined to hold a specific type of data, such as integers, text, dates, or boolean values. This enforcement ensures that only valid data can be entered into each column, reducing errors and inconsistencies.

For example, if a column is designated to store dates, the database will reject any input that does not match the date format. This type of validation helps to maintain not only the accuracy of the data but also its consistency throughout the database.

In contrast, flat files do not impose such restrictions on data types, allowing for potential errors that can lead to data integrity issues, such as mixing numerical and textual data in the same column. This lack of structure can result in complications, especially during data processing or retrieval, leading to incorrect or unreliable information.

Other options present features or attributes that do not directly enhance data integrity. While it is true that database programs might manage storage more efficiently or function autonomously in certain contexts, these aspects do not relate directly to ensuring the quality and reliability of the data held within the database.