What is the function of an adapter in a network setup?

An adapter in a network setup primarily functions to transmit and receive signals between different interfaces. This function is crucial because various devices and network components may use different signaling methods or protocols. The adapter acts as a bridge, enabling communication between these differing systems, ensuring that data can flow seamlessly from one interface to another, whether it's between wired and wireless networks or between different types of hardware connections.

In the context of network configurations, this means that, for example, a network interface card (NIC) allows a computer to connect to a local area network (LAN), translating the data from the computer into packets that can be sent over the network and vice versa. This capability is fundamental for establishing connections and facilitating communication in a networked environment.

The other options focus on more specific functionalities that do not encompass the broad and essential role of an adapter in networking, making the choice of its core function as a transmitter and receiver of signals the most comprehensive and accurate.