What is the main function of Random Access Memory (RAM)?

The main function of Random Access Memory (RAM) is to provide fast access to active programs and data. RAM serves as a computer's short-term memory, allowing for quick read and write operations. When a computer is running, it uses RAM to store data that is actively being used or processed, such as the operating system, applications, and the data currently being worked on. This speed of access is crucial because it enhances the overall performance of the system, enabling smoother multitasking and quicker loading times for applications.

In contrast to permanent storage solutions like hard drives or solid-state drives, RAM is volatile, meaning it loses its contents when the computer is turned off. Therefore, it is not meant for long-term storage, which is why the other options do not accurately describe its primary function. Backup storage and connections to hardware devices are handled by other components in a computer system, like external drives or interface controllers, rather than RAM itself.