What principle restricts users from accessing information they do not need?

The principle that restricts users from accessing information they do not need is known as Least Privilege. This concept is fundamental in cybersecurity and information security practices. It states that users should be granted the minimum level of access — or privileges — necessary to perform their job functions. By adhering to this principle, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized access or data breaches. For instance, if an employee only needs access to certain files to carry out their tasks, they should not have broader access to other sensitive information. This limits exposure and minimizes potential damage that could arise from human error or malicious actions.

The Least Privilege principle contributes to a controlled and secure environment by ensuring that users can only interact with the data that is essential for their responsibilities, fostering accountability and minimizing vulnerabilities in the system. Additionally, it's an effective method for enhancing data protection and compliance with regulations by limiting access to sensitive information.