What technology allows multiple operating systems to run simultaneously on a single computer?

Virtualization is the technology that enables multiple operating systems to run simultaneously on a single physical computer. This is achieved through the use of software called a hypervisor or virtual machine monitor (VMM), which creates virtual machines (VMs) that operate independently. Each of these VMs can host a different operating system, allowing for efficient resource utilization and the ability to isolate different environments for testing, development, or server consolidation.

Virtualization provides significant benefits, such as improved hardware usage, lower energy costs, and the ability to conduct software testing without needing separate hardware for each OS. This technology is widely used in data centers, development environments, and even personal computers for various purposes.

Other options do not provide the same functionality. Remote access refers to the ability to connect to a computer or network from a different location but does not allow for multiple operating systems on a single machine. Cloud computing involves using remote servers hosted on the Internet to manage and process data, enabling access to resources but not specifically creating multiple local operating systems. Server clustering is a method of linking multiple servers to work together to improve performance and reliability, but it does not pertain to running multiple operating systems on a single computer.