What type of file extension should be opened with caution due to its ability to execute instructions?

Files with the .exe extension are executable files that can run programs on a computer. When opened, these files can perform a variety of functions by executing code, which makes them potentially powerful, but also risky if they come from untrusted sources. Because an .exe file can contain malicious software or viruses, it is important to handle these files with caution.

On the other hand, .txt, .jpg, and .pdf files are more benign and primarily serve to display text, images, or documents. Although they can contain links or embedded scripts that may lead to malicious content, they do not have the same inherent capability to execute instructions on their own like .exe files do. Understanding the risk associated with executable files is critical for maintaining cybersecurity and protecting systems from vulnerabilities.