Which of the following can result from patent infringement?

The outcome of patent infringement commonly leads to legal action and financial compensation. When a patent holder believes that their invention or process has been used without permission, they can file a lawsuit against the infringing party. If the court finds in favor of the patent holder, the infringer may be required to pay monetary damages as compensation for the unauthorized use of the patented material. This scenario serves as both a deterrent against infringement and a remedy for the patent holder, enabling them to protect their intellectual property rights effectively.

Other outcomes mentioned, such as loss of brand identity, changes in government policies, and increases in innovation, are not direct consequences of patent infringement in the same straightforward manner. While brand identity might be affected in certain circumstances, it is more of a collateral effect rather than a direct result. Changes in government policies might occur over longer terms due to broader industry trends or pressures, and while innovation may be influenced by the existence of patents, infringement itself does not inherently lead to more innovation. Thus, the focus on legal repercussions and financial compensation highlights the primary and direct effects of patent infringement.