Who is responsible for granting permissions to update a "Customer" table?

The owner of the "Customer" table is the correct choice because database ownership typically dictates who has the authority to manage and control access rights for that specific table. In most database management systems, the owner has full control over the table, which includes the privilege to grant or revoke permissions to other users or roles. This means the owner can allow certain users to update the table's data as needed, ensuring that only authorized individuals have the capability to make changes.

While project managers, IT departments, and database administrators play significant roles in a data management context, they do not automatically possess the responsibility or authority to grant permissions specifically tied to the table's ownership. The project manager may oversee projects involving the database but does not manage database permissions directly. The IT department may set broader policies and procedures regarding data security and access, but they typically do not manage permissions on a granular level for individual elements like a single table. Database administrators usually oversee the database environment and ensure its performance and security, but their powers regarding specific tables depend on their relationship with the owner or the permissions granted to them. Thus, the owner explicitly holds the critical role in granting update permissions for the "Customer" table.